No. Using a temporary email address does not, by itself, hide your IP address.
Email addresses and IP addresses serve different purposes. Providing a disposable address changes the contact information you give a website. It does not automatically change the network connection through which you visit that website.
A site may still receive technical information from your browser and connection. Depending on its configuration, it may also use cookies or other identifiers.
If you sign in to an existing account, provide your name, or submit identifying details, a temporary address does not remove those connections.
Treat temp mail as an email-management option with specific limitations. It should not be described as complete online anonymity. Review the website’s privacy information to understand what data it collects and how it uses that information.